For this new year, I’d like to learn the skills necessary to self host. Specifically, I would like to eventually be able to self host Nextcloud, Jellyfin and possibly my email server too.
I’ve have a basic level understanding of Python and Kotlin. Now I’m in the process of learning Linux through a virtual machine because I know Linux is better suited for self hosting.
Should I stick with Python? Or is JavaScript (or maybe Ruby) better suited for that purpose? I’m more than happy to learn a new language, but I’m unsure on which is better suited.
And if you could start again in your self hosting journey, what would you do differently? :)
EDIT: I wasn’t expecting all these wonderful replies. You’re all very kind people to share so much with me :)
The consensus seems to be that hosting your own email server might be a lot, so I might leave that as future project. But for Nextcloud and Jellyfin I saw a lot of great tips! I forgot to mention that ideally I would like to have Nextcloud available for multiple users (ie. family memebers) so indeed learning some basic networking/firewalling seems the bare minimum.
I also promise that I will carefully read the manuals!
Why are you wanting to use python for self hosting? Python is a programming and scripting language.
There are two big things I would focus on. The first thing is networking, the OSI model and http basics. The other thing I would look into is Linux containers. If you can get both of these you are golden. Learn how to use and write docker compose files and then looking into building your own containers with Dockerfiles. You don’t really need to build your own containers but it is good for learning
Programming is generally not needed when self-hosting. At best you might learn Ansible, Puppet, Salt, or Terraform, but that’s for advanced scenarios (e.g. easily shifting the workloads between machines or into the cloud).
Learning the ins-and-outs of containers will get you the biggest return on investment. They’re not strictly necessary but most tools will expect that is the common use-case and the community won’t be as much help. Until you know more about containers I would also recommend Docker over Podman. It has a few more “conveniences” than Podman and orgs like LinuxServer will target Docker as the engine.